VAIMIM CHIN DAN

BORUAK DUHZAWNG :

   Vaimim hian khawlum lam a duh zawk a, amaherawhchu, tunlai hian variety hrang hrang khawlum leh vawh dan dang leh inang lo tak taka chin theih pawh a lo awm ta zel a. Hetih chhung hian vaimim chin zawng zawng za a 85 (%) zet tur hi nipui lai (monsoon/kharif) a chin a ni, a chhan chu zan boruak 15.6 ℃ aia a hniamin a than theih loh vang a ni. A thu hrimah vaimim hian engtik hunah mah vur tla (frost) a tuar theilo.

LEILUNG DUHZAWNG :

   Leilung eng angah pawh a chin theih zel mai nain leitha, organic matter tamna, hnawng pawm thei tak a duh a. Furlaia chin thin mah nise, tuitling a tuar thei miah lova, chuvangin tui inpaih hul thuai theihna hmun a chin a ngai thung. Vaimim hmunah darkar 4-5 bak tui a tling tur a nilo. Vaimim hmun atan eng lei pawh a tha deuh zel mai kan ti nain tlak lei (clayey) leh leime (sandy) chu thlan loh tur. Tin, pH 6.5-7.5 hi a tawk.

VAIMIM HMUN BUATSAIH DAN :

   Leiletah chuan vaimim chinna tur hi uluk taka leh a tih dipa hrut rual leh a tha. A khat tawkin thuk vak lova thlur (furrow) siam a tha, hei hi fur ruahin a delh a, tui lo tlinna tur a ni, tui chim a ngai thei si lova. Hengah hian vaimim chin hmaa leitha pek tur chu lo pek a leiah hian leh pawlh nghal tur a ni.

   Thingtlang lovah chuan uluk taka lo vah a, lo hal hnuah fai taka mangkhawh a ni mai. Lo neitu thenkhatin ringthar aiin chûlah vaimim a tha duh mah zawkin an sawi. A dik chiah lo a nih pawhin chûlah a tha duh tho an tihnaah a ngaih theih.

LEITHA PEK :

   Ran zun-ek leitha, hnimhnah tawih leitha te leh fertilizerte hi pe ila, thlaiin a ngeih a, fertilizer chauh pek aiin a tha zawk.

   Organic leitha chu hectare khatah Qtl 50 pe thei ila, fertilizer erawhchu hectare khat hmuna pek tur zat tiang hi a ni.

Table:11:

   A pek dan tur atan chuan Organic leitha te hi leileh rualin leiah leh pawlh vek tur a ni. Fertilizer-ah pawh SSP leh MOP zawng zawng leh Urea chanve hi lei hrut khuar (furrow) inch 3-4 a thukah phul tur a ni a, chu chu leiin inch 1-2 vel a chhah a chhilh leh tur a ni. Fertilizer pek hnu ni 2 vel atangin thlai chi a thlak theih. Urea la bang hi inzat a thenin hmun khat chu vaimim tiah atanga ni 35 vel, khup a dip vel laia pek tur a ni a, a chanve dang chu a vuih tan, chu chu a tiah atanga ni 45-60 velah pek leh tur a ni. Kan pek zawh hian vaimim bul hi kan rihvur zui tur a ni a, hlo pawh kan thlo pah tur a ni. Tin, leitha pek hma ni 2-3 velah vaimim tlar kar hi kan lo rit phut emaw hlo kan lo thlo tur a ni

THLAI CHI NGAI ZAT:

   Vaimim fang len leh tet a zirin a danglam thei a, kg 18-20 vel hi hectare khat a zauvah ching ila a tawk a, ranchaw atana kan ching anih erawh chuan kg 25-30 lai a ngai ang.

A CHIN HUN :

   Tui awm dan azirin vaimim hi kumtluanin a chin theih, chu chu nipui/fur, thlasik leh thalah te an ni (kharif, rabi leh zaid). Mizoram-ah chuan vaimim hi kangvarah, March leh April thla velah kan ching ber a, Vaimim nau pawh August-September velah kan ching leh a, nul-a kan chin phei chuan kan ching tlai hle thin. Hei hian Mizoramah pawh kumtluanin a chin theih zia a ti lang.

THLAI CHI DAWI :

   Vaimim chi te chu chin hmain damdawi hmanga bual vek tur a ni.Vaimim chi kg 1 bual nan Carbendazim 2.0 gm emaw Captan 2.5-3.0 gm a tawk.

A CHIN DAN :

    Vaimim hi kawng hrang hrangin an ching a. Tuthlawh emaw chem hmanga kan tuh dan anga tuh te, a theh a theh (broadcast) te, a chi thlakna (seed drill) tractor, power tiller leh ran hmanga an hnuh hmanga chinte, leileh zawhah leilehna hmanrua nena a thlur an siama a chi thlakte leh hmaraw dang hmanga tuh te a ni. Engpawh nise, tlar leh bi mumal tak neia chin tur a ni.

   Phaizawl / leileta an chin dan chu kan sawi tak ang khian lei hrut khuarah a tlar ft. 2 - 2 1⁄2 a inhlatin vaimim chi inch 8-10 dana 2 zel ten an thlak a, an chhilh leh mai a. A lo tiah hnuah bi 1 a pakhat an suat leh thin. A lei that dan leh vaimim chi a zirin a tlar kar leh a bi inkar hi a zim in a zau hlei thei. Keini Mizoramah pawh hian mual dung tan zawngin tlar mumal tak neiin a tlarah pawh bi kar mumal takin siam thin ila a tha. Bi khatah hian fang 2 bak thlak bawk lo ila kan thatpui zawk ang. Buh hmunahte kan ching ve a, bi zing deuh bi 1 a kung 3-4 zuah kan chingte hi chu thlai dang tan a dip a na lutuk bawk. Kan seng meuh chuan thlai dang chuan an lo tuar fe tawh a, a inti hlawklo tawn thin a ni tih hria ila bansanin vaimim hmun a hrana siam thin a tha.

HLO THLAWH :

   Vaimim hmun hi thlawhfai a ngai a, amaherawhchu, a hnim to azirin a hautak lo thei viau. A chhan chu a kungin a zap/dip ve thuaia, chubakah a thar ran vang a ni. Hlo thlawh pahin a bul rit durin kan rih vur tur a ni. Hlo tûr kan hmang dawn a nih chuan Simazine emaw Atrazine, vaimim hmun hectare khat a zauvah 0.5-1.0 kg a.i tui litre 1000 nen a pawlhin hlo tiah hmain kan kap tur a ni.

   Hlo hnah bial tiak tawh kah nan erawh chuan 2, 4D a tha a, vaimim hmun hectare khat a zau kah nan kg 1.5-2.0 a.i. a tawk.

TUI PEK :

   Vaimim hi ruah vantla ringa chin a ni ber a, khaw ro laia tui pek erawh chuan a ngeih in a thar hlawk phah hle. A chhâwn thlak lai leh a fang insiam tan lai hi a mamawh ang tawk tui a hmuh tul zual hun a ni.

   Tui a tam lutuk erawh chuan paih kang a tul a, tui paihna ngaihtuah vat a tul. Leilet zawlah chuan chutiang tui paihna tur metre 6 danah ft 1 vela zau, ft 1⁄2 vela thuk siam a tha. Vaimim hian tui chim a ngaithei lo hle tih kan sawi tawh kha.

CROP ROTATION :

   Vaimim hi thlai zinga leitha heh tak, uluk taka chawm ngai a ni a, chinna ngaia chin nawn vak chi pawh a nilo. Chuvangin thlai dangte nena chin chhawk (rotate) thin tur a ni. Alu, buh, chawhmeh thlai (vegetables), be lam thlai leh fu leh thlai dangte nen chin thlak theih a ni a, chin hun chhung, chin leh seng inkar a rei lova, rotate chi tak a ni.

VARIETIES :

   Vaimimah hian variety tam tak a awm a. A fang var leh eng hi a then hranna lar tak a ni. Duhzawng pawh a inanglo thei viau. Thar tlaite, thar rangte, thar rang zual (Extra early maturity) te a awm. Tin, then dan dang leh chu Hybrid leh Composite te an ni. Mizoramah pawh hian Hybrid leh Composite vaimim te chu kan la chhuak. Tunhnaia vaimim chi kan lak chhuah te chu Vijay Composite, Navjot, Dewaki, Pehlm 2, Ganga-5 te an ni. Ganga-5 hi ni 90-95 ah a thar thei a, a thar hlawk lam chu hectare khatah qtl 45-50 a ni a, Navjot hi ni 90-100 chhunga thar thei hectare khat hmuna qtl 48 thar thei a ni bawk a, Pehm-2 hi ni 80-85 inkara thar, hectare khat hmuna qtl 40-45 thar thei a ni. Hetih lai hian Dewaki variety hi hectare khata qtl 45-50 thar thei a ni.

   Mizoramah hian hmun danga lar vak a hriat loh mimban kan ching a. Hei hi a kung leh kawm leh fang pawh a te a, a hnah kau pawh a zing hle; a hming ang deuh hian a ban hle. Mimpui ai hian kan ngaina mah zawk emawni chu tih tur a ni. Mimbanah pawh chi hrang, hming dang pu engemaw zat a awm a. A chin dan leh buaipui dan erawh chu a inang vek thung.

THLAI VEN HIM :

   Rannung :

   1) A kung ngêt - Hei hi India ram pumah vaimim tichhetu ngaihmawhawm ber a ni. Fur laiin a nget in a kung a hreuh a, a bei thin. Vaimim tiah hnu ni 10-25 velah a hnah hnuai lamah a tui thin. A lung/pangang chuan a hnah kau bul atanga dûtin a hnah a tichhe thin. A dang leh chu thlasik vaimim tichhetu a ni a, a thlahtu phengphehlep (lungphur thlahtu) a hnah zung hnuai lamah a tui a, a lung/pangang chu vaimim kung bulah lutin a kung a tichhe thin

   A control nan Endosulfan 0.1 % (35 EC) 700 ml tui litre 250 a pawlh a vaimim hnahah kah tur. Trichocards 8 (Trichogramma chilonis) vaimim hmun hectare khat a zauvah vaimim tiah hlim ni 10 vela upa anih chuahin a control theih bawk.

   2) Tlumpi - Hmun tam takah tlumpi hi vaimim tichhetu ninawm tak a ni. Fipronil kg 20 vaimim hmun hectare khat a zauva pek a, tui pek zui tur. A pek dan chu fang 2-3 vaimim bul khatah thlak tur.

   Natna : Vaimim hian natna a ngah hle a, a hun taka tihdam emaw ven a nih loh phei chuan nasa takin a tharin a tlakhniam phah thei. India ramah hian natna avangin vaimim thar za a 13.2 (%) thleng a tla hniam thin. Tah hian a hnah natna avanga a thar tlakhniamna chu 5% a ni a, a kung, a zung leh a vui natna avangin 5% bawkin a thar a kiam thin.

   A control na turin resistant variety leh hybrid chin tur a ni. Thlai chi treat na damdawia a chi bualsa chin bawk tur. A la sawt lo anih chuan mithiam rawn tawh tur.

VAIMIM SENG :

   Vaimim seng hun hi chithum in a sawi theih anga, chung chu kan chin chhan a zir a ni. A kawm chhum leh rawh tur chu a fang insiam hnu a la char hma hian a hun tawk a awm a. Chutiang tura seng pawh nise khaw lam hla deuh ami tur chu a kawr an paih phal ngailo, a hang a da thei a, a hlui hmel a pu rang bawk a.

   A fang nuaia dahthat tur chu a fang a char tep, a tuipai zaa 20 (20%) aia a tam tawh loh hunah seng tur. Hybrid leh composit-ah chuan a kung mai atangin tihsual theih tak a ni a. A kung a la hrin hle laiin a fang a char hman thei hle si. Hei hi a kawm a eitur keh hun hriat nan pawh a tha. A kawmte chu kehthlak a, ro tawk a nisaa pho phawt a, nuai emaw a kawma dahthat tur a ni. A ro tawk loh chuan a hmuar duh a, a fang a ngêt duh bawk. A dahthat rei theih loh.

   Ranchaw (fodder) atana chin anih chuan a kawm a la no lai, a tui a la khal hma leh khal tan deuh hi a kung chawpa seng hun a ni a, seng hma chu a hlawk lova, a protein pai pawh a tam. Ranchaw atan tho, mahse, silage a siam tur chu a fang a lo char tan tirh velin a kung nen lak vek tur a ni.

   Vaimim thar hlawk dan hi a dang thei hle a, a fang ro, nuai hnuah hian hectare khatah qtl 45-60 vel a thar thei.